I use the 1993 and 2003 National Surveys of College Graduates to examine the higher exit rate of women compared to men from science and engineering relative to other fields. I find that the higher relative exit rate is driven by engineering rather than science, and show that 60% of the gap can...

This paper reports the initial findings from large scale surveys of the scientists based in Japan and the US on the knowledge creation process in science from a comparative perspective. The survey in Japan was jointly conducted by the Institute of Innovation Research (IIR) of Hitotsubashi...