, Germany, Ireland, Spain, Hungary and Russia. As well as using standard relative poverty definitions the paper examines flows …This paper compares child poverty dynamics cross-nationally using panel data from seven nations: the USA, Britain … patterns of income mobility and poverty dynamics across the seven countries. The key exception is Russia, where the economic …

impact that healthcare costs have on household living standards in a high-income country with a long established universal …Background: Poor health increases the likelihood of experiencing poverty by reducing a person’s ability to work and … imparting costs associated with receiving medical treatment. Universal health care is a means of protecting against the …

methods of measuring household welfare (and, accordingly, poverty and inequality) based on expenditures have not considered … transportation costs can result in up to a 40% reduction in the measured poverty rate among remote-working households. … remote work during the pandemic. We then propose methods to impute transportation cost equivalents for household expenditure …