This paper examines the impact of monetary policy instruments such as discount rate, reserve requirement and liquidity requirement on bank credit to the private sector in the Kingdom of Eswatini. Monthly data sourced from the Central Bank of Eswatini and Eswatini Central Statistics Office is...

The concerns of macroeconomic policymakers regarding the management of the COVID-19 crisis are reflected by the major, unbending, and brisk interventions they have had, including monetary authorities. The present paper aims at identifying central banks' contributions in managing the pandemic...

After the 2008 financial crash governments and central banks had to rescue banks which had become insolvent or illiquid, and whose failure threatened the Western financial system. The bill for this taxpayer funded bailout came to over USD 20 trillion globally, including assistance from US, EU,...

Generally, one of the important issues related to currency crises is the output losses caused by these phenomena. In this study, determinants of output losses and particularly the role of the central bank will be evaluated during currency crises. Moreover, the paper tries to investigate the...

This study aims to test the efficiency of the Korean foreign exchange market and examine its determinants through several well-established methodologies based on the forward rate unbiasedness hypothesis and covered interest rate parity. The empirical findings indicate that the currency market...