Most scholars attribute the development and ubiquity of global value chains to economic forces, treating law as an exogenous factor, if at all. By contrast, we assert the centrality of legal regimes and private ordering mechanisms to the creation, structure, geography, distributive effects and...

Universal telecommunications services provision is an important factor in reducing regional disparities in China and ensuring sustainable economic development, social equity, and national stability. This study, by drawing on the universal service concept and institutionalism policy research,...