This paper analyzes the link between structural change, growth and bazaar effects in the context of open economies. At first we consider the theoretical basis of structural change and discuss the interdependencies between trade, foreign direct investment and innovation dynamics. The empirical...

This paper discusses the issue whether developing countries forego chances in world manufactured markets by protecting intermediate services against market entry of new suppliers. By scanning the empirical literature on effective rates of protection (ERP), the evidence is supportive. Yet, it...

This paper investigates the sources and size of trade barriers at the industry level. We derive a micro-founded measure of industry-specific bilateral trade integration that has an in-built control for time-varying multilateral resistance. This trade integration measure is consistent with a...

This article analyses the impact of the single market programme (SMP) on the locational determinants of US foreign direct investment (FDI) in the manufacturing sector. The econometric model covers the period 1978-95, a key period in the development of the European single market. As the process...

Trade economists traditionally study the effect of lower variable trade costs. While increasingly important politically, technical barriers to trade (TBTs) have received less attention. Viewing TBTs as fixed regulatory costs related to the entry into export markets, we use a model with...

We estimate the pro-competitive effects of Austria's participation in the Single Market after its EU accession in 1995 in terms of firms' market power as measured by the Lerner index, using a sample of 46 industries and 7 industry groups, covering the period 1978 to 2001. In the framework of the...