A number of Studies have found that unions lower profits, but controversy continues over whether the union impact is or is not greater in more concentrated markets or when firms have greater market shares. The empirical controversy is linked to two major underlying issues: whether unions distort...

Changes in real wages, or wages adjusted for the cost of living, are the most direct route through which labour productivity affects living standards. Yet labour productivity in the United States increased by 80 per cent between 1973 and 2011, while median real hourly wages remained virtually...

In cases involving unionization of graduate student research and teaching assistants at private U.S. universities, the National Labor Relations Board has, at times, denied collective bargaining rights on the presumption that unionization would harm faculty-student relations and academic freedom....

The impact of Gilmer v. Interstate/Johnson Lane Corp., was assessed by examining the effect of the decision on shareholder returns in two samples of firms. Shareholder returns of securities firms rose between 5% and 6% in response to the decision, indicating that firms in the securities industry...

Unions suffered a modest decline in their capacity to increase wages over nonunion levels between the late 1970s and the middle 1990s according to evidence presented here. The decline in relative wages was significant in only 13 (of 78) industries examined; in 11 industries the differential...

Two well-documented empirical findings are that unionized employees typically receive substantially higher compensation than their non-union counterparts and that union representation in the United States has declined over time. Some observers have hypothesized a causal link between these two...