A review of rigorous evaluations of interventions that seek to empower women economically shows that the same class of interventions has significantly different outcomes depending on the client. Capital alone, as a small cash loan or grant, is not sufficient to grow women-owned subsistence-level...

Women empowerment encompasses a wide range of interpretations right from seeing it as the means by which individuals and groups take the control of their circumstances and achieve their own goals to as the process of challenging the existing power relations and transforming structures and...

This paper identifies whether there was a performance difference among micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) led by men and by women in Vietnam during the period 2005-2013 and aims to provide explanations for the differences, if any, in various performance indicators. The paper adopts a...