removing barriers to bank entry on bank competition and economic growth. As governments were not concerned about systemic … stability in this period, we are able to isolate the effects of bank competition from those of state implicit guarantees. We … find that the introduction of free banking laws stimulated the creation of new banks and led to more bank failures. Our …

dissolution of many early public banks. A prominent exception was the Bank of England, whose adept management of a fiscally backed …

Since the Great Depression, bank regulators in the United States have endeavored to separate banking institutions from …-Mart''s application to own a bank, and revisits the arguments against the ILC charter in the wake of the current banking collapse. The …

In the lead-up to the Great Depression, bank credit rapidly expanded and bank capital ratios declined. Banks, suffering … legislation gave the RFC broad authority to provide collateralized loans to almost any bank or corporation, especially small rural … March 1933 bank holiday …