If a bidder launches a takeover offer for a listed company being part of a stock market index, then index funds and exchange traded funds (ETF) as shareholders of this company cannot easily tender their shares without losing track of the index. This paper analyzes the impact of index fund and...

We establish, under both theoretical conditions and empirical application, the separate roles of (1) market asset class exposure through index funds; (2) style factor exposure like value, momentum, and quality which have traditionally delivered higher and differentiated returns than market index...

Andrew Lo in his book, Adaptive Markets, advocates an investment product that he names a “dynamic index.” He has facilitated the operation of a variant of this dynamic indexation, “dynamic allocation,” by founding a company, AlphaSimplex. Another dynamic investment is GMO’s Benchmark...

Few papers provide research about options returns, and the few available are focused in the analysis from the perspective of the long side of the option contract, i.e. the buyer that pays the price and her expected and realized option return. The main point of our research work is to provide a...

Numerous studies have documented abnormal returns available to investors around index changes. S&P 500 index fund managers face competitive pressures to replicate the index as close as possible or risk the loss of investors to competing funds. As a result, these fund managers have incentive to...

European index funds and exchange-traded funds underperform their benchmarks by 50 to 150 basis points per annum. The explanatory power of dividend withholding taxes as a determinant of this underperformance is at least at par with fund expenses. Dividend taxes also explain performance...

Imagine, if you can, an index that requires dynamic reweighting of the portfolio, based on the continuously changing capitalization weights of the index's securities. You would need a computer generated trading system, obviously, and a patent to protect it. The authors now have both, having had...

The controversy whether mutual fund shareholders should invest primarily in actively managed funds index funds continues. But, while there may be a small number of portfolio managers who provide evidence of persistency in high performance (assuming they meet the daunting statistical burden of...

The proposition that a prudent investor should be diversified is widely accepted if not incontrovertible for ordinary investors – investors who have no reasonable expectation of influencing company management or business policy. Indeed, fiduciary duty requires that trustees and other...