Much progress has been made in reducing settlement risk in foreign exchange markets, particularly through use of CLS Bank. However, the remaining exposures are sometimes still significantly large and not always well managed, creating the potential for systemic risk. To address this problem, it...

New financial technologies - including those underpinning cryptocurrencies - herald broader access to the financial system, quicker and more easily verifiable settlement of transactions and payments, and lower transaction costs. Domestic and cross-border payment systems are on the threshold of...

The U.S. dollar plays a key role in international trade invoicing along two complementary dimensions. First, most U.S. exports and imports are invoiced in dollars; second, trade flows that do not involve the United States are often invoiced in dollars, a fact that has received relatively little...