We reviewed (extended and made more compact/self-explained) some formulas, previously appeared in the literature, for the evaluation of equity options and bond options in the Leland model (1994), where stockholders have a perpetual American option to default.Our formulas have been expressed in...

In several countries, classical options markets coexist with markets for bank-issued options, also termed warrants. It is an open question if warrant issuers purely adopt options market information about future volatility or if they contribute to volatility discovery by their own. As a result,...

In this paper, we investigate model-independent bounds for option prices given market instruments.This super-replication problem can be written as a semi-infinite linear programming problem. As these super-replication prices can be large and the densities Q which achieve the upper bounds quite...

Pricing different types of derivative contracts to minimize risk is a significant step for business sustainability. Whaley (2006) refers that for the European Puts and Calls, known as vanilla options, there is a closed form solution that delivers the 'fair' price of the option with respect to...

The majority of quasi-analytic pricing methods for American options are efficient near-maturity but are prone to larger errors when time-to-maturity increases. A new methodology, called the "extension"-method, is introduced to increase the accuracy of almost any existing quasi-analytic approach...

Spread options are multi-asset options whose payoffs depend on the difference of two underlying financial variables. In most cases, analytically closed form solutions for pricing such payoffs are not available, and the application of numerical pricing methods turns out to be non-trivial. We...

In Longstaff and Schwartz (2001) a method for American option pricing using simulation and regression is suggested, and since then the method has rapidly gained importance. However, the idea of using regression and simulation for American option pricing was used at least as early as in Carriere...