We reviewed (extended and made more compact/self-explained) some formulas, previously appeared in the literature, for the evaluation of equity options and bond options in the Leland model (1994), where stockholders have a perpetual American option to default.Our formulas have been expressed in...

In Italia esistono due mercati regolamentati di strumenti finanziari derivati accessibili agli investitori retail entrambi gestiti da Borsa Italiana: il SeDex, dove sono trattati covered warrant (CW) e altri strumenti derivati cartolarizzati, e l'IDEM, dove sono invece trattate opzioni su...

In several countries, classical options markets coexist with markets for bank-issued options, also termed warrants. It is an open question if warrant issuers purely adopt options market information about future volatility or if they contribute to volatility discovery by their own. As a result,...

In Longstaff and Schwartz (2001) a method for American option pricing using simulation and regression is suggested, and since then the method has rapidly gained importance. However, the idea of using regression and simulation for American option pricing was used at least as early as in Carriere...

Pricing different types of derivative contracts to minimize risk is a significant step for business sustainability. Whaley (2006) refers that for the European Puts and Calls, known as vanilla options, there is a closed form solution that delivers the 'fair' price of the option with respect to...

As is known, an option price is a solution to a certain partial differential equation (PDE) with terminal conditions (payoff functions). There is a close association between the solution of PDE and the solution of a backward stochastic differential equation (BSDE). We can either solve the PDE to...

We introduce a fast and widely applicable numerical pricing method that uses recursive projections. The method is based on a simple grid sampling of value functions and state-price densities. Numerical illustrations with different American and Bermudan payoffs with dividend paying stocks in the...