References to "customers‟ have become commonplace in the policy discourses within UK government and other public sector bodies. It is a working assumption of UK public sector management that the concept of the "customer‟ can be applied to any public sector service agency or department; this...

This report summarizes key findings and recommendations from a remote technical assistance (TA) assignment performed by a short-term expert (STX), Mr. Djamel Bouhabel, from January 17 to February 4, 2021, to the General Customs Authority of Iraq (GCA). The main objective of the TA was to advise...

The 2020 was the final year for implementing fundamental policy documents that determined the development vector of the customs authorities of the Russian Federation in the expiring decade, i.e. the RF FCS Comprehensive Development Program until 2020 and the Development Strategy of the Customs...

This research is a qualitative research using primary data, where the authors distribute questionnaires to respondents with several questions in the questionnaire using a Likert scale, strongly disagree to strongly agree. This research was conducted in the office of SAMSAT Takalar, this research...

Since 1995, following the Organisational Review of the Department, the New Zealand Inland Revenue Department has tried to alter the way in which staff interact with taxpayers. A core aspect of this change has been an instruction to refer to taxpayers as “customers” with “needs” rather...

A case comment dealing with the UK Supreme Court's decision in Fowler v Revenue and Customs Commissioners [2020] UKSC 22. The case concerns the effect on an income tax treaty of a domestic law provision deeming certain employed divers working in the UK to be treated for tax purposes as carrying...

The approach to administration of the Australian tax system has, over time, fluctuated between an adversarial and a co-operative approach. Currently, consistent with a move to a responsive regulatory strategy, the Australian Tax Office (“ATO”) has expressed its desire for a co-operative...