Although the t-ratio variant of the Dickey-Fuller test is the most commonly applied unit root test in practical applications, it has been known for some time that readily implementable, more powerful modifications are available. We explore the large sample properties of five of these modified...

Although the t-ratio variant of the Dickey-Fuller test is the most commonly applied unit-root test in practical applications, it has been known for some time that readily implementable, more powerful modifications are available. We explore the large-sample properties of five of these modified...

In this paper, we consider tests for a break in the level of a series at an unknown point in time. It is often the case that uncertainty exists concerning the order of integration of the series; consequently, we focus on tests that are applicable when the order of integration is not known. The...