The developing countries are calling for a "New Economic Order" because they feel that the trading system discriminates against them. Whether GATT will emerge from the present negotiations better adapted to the needs of the Third World remains to be seen.

The next round of GATT negotiations - the so-called "Nixon Round" - will be opened at the ministerial level in Tokyo on September 12–14, 1973, and probably continue for several years in Geneva. Less developed countries (LDCs) which have not joined GATT but nevertheless wish to participate in...

Countries can reduce global emissions by reducing own consumption since they are linked to the total value of consumption world wide. Two effects are at issue: a utility loss from forgone consumption and a utility gain from lowered temperature change. It is thus unclear whether own country...

Although the majority of Brazilians supported Barack Obama in the latest presidential election, members of the Brazilian Sugar Cane Industry Association (or UNICA, the acronym in Portuguese) were thrilled by what his opponent said during the third presidential debate. Senator John McCain...

After half a century of overt inward-oriented policies, Brazil finally moved to open its trade regime in the early 1990s. Being one the last countries to make this move in a region that notoriously lagged behind East Asia, Brazil was quick to implement a comprehensive trade liberalization...

The main aim of this paper is to identify and to analyze the presence of Non Tariff Barriers (NTBs) imposed to Brazilian exports of steel products by Mercosur's member countries. The NTBs were identified through interviews with Brazilian companies and through questionaries sent to Brazilian...