The purpose of this paper is to describe recent financial innovation in the United States, outline its principal implications with regard to (1) the structure and behavior of financial markets and (2) the conduct of monetary policy, and speculate on the likely character of further innovation in...

The purpose of this paper is to describe recent financial innovation in the United States, outline its principal implications with regard to (1) the structure and behavior of financial markets and (2) the conduct of monetary policy, and speculate on the likely character of further innovation in...

This paper presents evidence that indicates that U.S. interest rate policy during most of the 1980s can be described by a reaction function in which the federal funds rate rises if real GDP rises above trend GDP, if actual inflation accelerates, or if the long-term bond rate rises. Money growth...

The money supply impacts on interest rate and liquidity were first proposed in 1961 by Friedman, the late Nobel laureate. The liquidity effect has yet received unanimous empirical support. Also, research interest on liquidity subsided in the 2000s. Using quarterly data over 1960-2011 and...

This paper presents estimates of a demand function for broad money in Japan. The function explains both secular trends in broad money during the 1970s and 1980s and the sharp decline in the income velocity of broad money during 1986-88. The inclusion of wealth and a measure of the return on...

This paper builds a model which allows an equilibrium nominal interest rate on reserve deposit below zero and examines the effect of high-powered money and reserve rate policy. In this model, banks hold cash and reserve deposits for money creation and interbank settlement. If the banks' reserve...