This paper examines variation in old-age income inequality between industrialized nations with modern welfare systems. The analysis of income inequality across countries with different retirement income systems provides a perspective on public pension policy choices and designs and their...

This paper investigates challenges of aging for long-term care. Our analysis proceeds in three steps. In the first step, we estimate the prospective care demand for 30 developed countries based on projected aging and disabilities among the elderly. In the second step, we outline challenges for...

In the context of industries the programmes of workers' participation in management has been introduced in different countries. It is observed that much hopes have been pinned on the various form of workers' participation .But unfortunately some methods, forms and machinaries have not laid...

The main objective of risk adjustment in systems of regulated competition on health insurance markets is the removal of incentives for undesirable risk selection. We introduce a simple conceptual framework to clarify how the definition of acceptable costs and the distinction between legitimate...

Objectives Most people who develop chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease (CVD), live in their homes in the community in their last year of life. Since cost-sharing is common in most countries, including those with univer‑ sal health insurance, these people incur out of pocket...

Immigration may impact income distribution both by affecting the skill composition of a country's residents, and, by changing relative factor supplies, its relative factor prices. We provide some background evidence on compositional factors but focus primarily on factor prices. We first consider...