result of productivity growth (assumed to reflect automation) and are part of a long-term trend. Since the 1980s, however … capture many factors besides automation, and cautions against using descriptive evidence to draw causal inferences. It also … employment in the 2000s, but finds little evidence of a causal link to automation. …

that are more exposed to automation in the U.S. through trade fared in exports and employment outcomes. The results show …-2014 -- lowers growth in exports per worker from Mexico to the U.S. by 6.7 percent. Higher exposure to U.S. automation did not affect …. Exposure to U.S. automation reduced manufacturing wage employment in areas where occupations were initially more susceptible to …