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A large number of empirical studies pointed to the ongoing expansion of the shadow economy in many countries around the globe. A robust finding in these studies is the positive association between unemployment rates and the size of the unofficial sector. However, with consistent estimates of the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011517459
To synthesize the literature on determinants of the shadow economy, this paper uses three cross-national shadow economy measures and employs numerous determinants over hundreds of model combinations to identify robust determinants of the shadow economy and address modeling uncertainty. We find...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012992010
This paper examines the drivers, and reestimates the size of shadow economies in Europe, with a focus on the emerging economies, and recommends policies to increase formality. The size of shadow economies declined across Europe in recent years but remains significant, especially in Eastern...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012155041
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10003874543
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013077427
A review of the size and nature of the shadow economy and what might be done to tackle it.Reducing tax evasion, the shadow economy and informal employment has been an important policy goal in OECD countries during recent decades. The shadow economy is notoriously difficult to measure, however....
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013079840
notoriously difficult as it requires estimation of economic activity that is deliberately hidden from official transactions …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013213595
The shadow (underground) economy plays a major role in many countries. People evade taxes and regulations by working in the shadow economy or by employing people illegally. On the one hand, this unregulated economic activity can result in reduced tax revenue and public goods and services, lower...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011934117
Limited availability of workfare programs and unemployment insurance and a large informal sector are features of the Argentine labor market at the outset of the 2001 economic crisis. This paper tests the hypothesis whether informal work is an alternative to workfare participation before a...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013153297
estimation methods. We also uncover bidirectional causal relationship between education and the shadow economy. In the short …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014357748