the lead role in enacting the TRIPS Agreement's substantive and procedural patent flexibilities by introducing unique … compulsory licensing, the most notable exception to patent rights provided under the TRIPS Agreement. This empirical study is …The World Trade Organization (WTO) linked intellectual property protection with trade. The WTO Agreement on Trade …

prevention of COVID-19. The aim of the report is to support national patent offices and interested parties in developing … countries with information that can serve as guidance for the examination of the claims contained in relevant patents or patent … applications. The antibody combination considered for the patent analysis in this paper are Casirivimab and Imdevimab. The vaccines …

outbreak. Furthermore, it elaborates on patent-related policy options provided by the TRIPS Agreement, and WTO Members …COVID-19, caused by SARS-Cov-2, was declared to be a pandemic by the World Health Organization on 11 March 2020. Since … then, the issue of the relationship between patent protection and the development of and access to medical treatments and …

the extent and impact of patent holdup and holdout in the ICT sector, and then about how to eliminate or reduce these … made great efforts to solve the issue of patent holdup and holdout, there is still an ongoing struggle among divergent … stakeholders. Patent holdup and holdout directly impacts the innovation and dissemination of patented technology, the harmonization …

This paper examines, from a TRIPS Agreement perspective, the increasing delays that many patent offices suffer at … present in the examination of patent applications.Several factors contribute to these prolonged examinations, including the … increasing number of patent applications, the complexity of the technologies involved, the lack of sufficient resources and even …

how, and the extent to which a precautionary approach could be crystallized in the intellectual property (IP) patent …

implementation and administration of their patent systems.When the world's major patent systems first developed into their present …As a framework regulation for innovation markets, the patent system needs to be tailored to the innovation process … efficient functionality of the patent system as an innovation policy tool, patent rights ought to be defined, justified and …