In what follows we provide a conceptually correct procedure for determining whether a risky project passes the "potential Pareto improvement" welfare criterion which forms the normative basis of cost-benefit analysis. In this approach the role of secondary markets in providing opportunities for...

Recently, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) has accused breakfast cereal manufacturers of illegal monopolization (1971).A major basis for the charge is the FTC belief that high advertising expenditures by the companies create effective entry barriers. One FTC study (1969) reached this...

The 1984 Drug Price Competition and Patent Term Restoration Act (the Waxman-Hatch Act) is unique in many ways. This Law was the first change in U.S. patent terms since 1861. It simultaneously lowered the barrier to entry for generic drug firms and increased patent terms for new drugs delayed by...

The Internet has evolved from a “hierarchy” — in which interconnection was achieved by having Internet Service Providers (ISPs) purchase transit services from top-level backbones and top-level backbone providers engage in direct settlement-free peering — to a “mesh” in which peering...

On March 20, 2011, wireless provider AT&T announced its intention to merge with T-Mobile USA, a competing wireless provider. This article reviews the economic analysis of this proposed acquisition that we carried out for Sprint and explains why the merger would have been anticompetitive. We...

The rapid expansion of industry at the outset of economic development and the subsequent growth of the transportation and residential and commercial sectors dictate both the rate at which energy demand increases and the composition of primary fuel sources used to meet secondary requirements....