The UK's Labour Government has expanded means-testing of social security but attempted to do so while minimising the disincentive effects typically associated with such an approach. We test whether it has succeeded by reviewing the effect of 5 years of reforms on a range of incentives across the...

The current Labour Government was elected in 1997 with few specific social security proposals. This paper argues that after five years, consistent trends in social security policy have emerged: there is a willingness to increase benefits; a “work-first” focus; increasing centrality for...

In recent years, a large number of studies have investigated the relationship between social security benefits and male retirement decisions in developed countries. However, women's and couples' labour supply decisions and the patterns of withdrawal from the labour force in emerging economies...

[Introduction ...] This paper aims to draw out useful lessons from PSNP’s policy framework and design, but not to evaluate them. While it refers to some evaluations of PSNP, the main interest in this regard is to understand how these evaluations have influenced policy and design changes to the...

Public works and employment programmes have long been considered a staple of social assistance. For the most part, though, they have been designed as short-term safety nets. While, in some cases, the focus has also been on reducing poverty or addressing structural unemployment challenges, their...

Die beteiligten Institute legen hiermit ihren dritten Bericht über die Wirtschaft Rußlands vor. Der Bericht ist in zwei Teile gegliedert. Im ersten Teil wird der aktuelle Stand der Wirtschaftsentwicklung und der Reformpolitik dargestellt. Seit der Fertigstellung des zweiten Berichts hat sich...

Mehr Beschäftigung und weniger Arbeitslosigkeit kann es in einer Marktwirtschaft nur geben, wenn die Arbeitsproduktivität, die Wertschöpfung pro Beschäftigten, stärker steigt als die Löhne. Ist dagegen die Lohnzunahme größer als der Produktivitätsfortschritt, so bauen die Unternehmen...

The notion of flexicurity was introduced in the 1990s to promote a better job security and social security of atypically employed (other than permanent full-time). The given paper suggests an operational definition of flexicurity which implies the corresponding flexicurity index. For analytical...

The notion of flexicurity was introduced in the late 1990s. It promotes the idea of compensation of deregulation of labour markets (= flexibilization) by advantages in employment and social security, in particularly for flexibly employed (other than permanent full-time, called also atypically...

Die Unterscheidung zwischen grundlegenden Ordnungsprinzipien und real existierenden Ordnungsformen ist entscheidend, wenn es darum geht, die tatsächlichen Ursachen von Erscheinungen zu identifizieren, die Anlass für Unzufriedenheit bieten, und um die Richtung identifizieren zu können, in die...