This paper discusses comparison of economic and social indicators in the year 1988 between Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) and German Democratic Republic (GDR). The budgetary costs of unification will be substantially larger than initially envisaged. Moreover, if one adds to the budget the...

The 40 years of socialist regime in East Germany were characterized by a massive anti-entrepreneurship policy. We investigate the reemergence of entrepreneurship in East Germany during its transformation to a market economy following the collapse of the East German state in 1989. It took about...

Das reale Bruttosozialprodukt in den Industrieländern ist im ersten Halbjahr 1990 mit einer laufenden Jahresrate von etwa 2,5 vH gestiegen. Damit hat sich die wirtschaftliche Expansion seit Mitte 1988 merklich verlangsamt (Schaubild 1); dies war von den wirtschaftspolitischen Instanzen...