In implementing the Multilateral Textile Agreement the European Community opted for the instrument of export self-restraint agreements which - in contrast to unilaterally imposed restrictions - may already be concluded before a threatening market disruption has actually materialized. On the...

In Europe, the company must adapt to the progressive development of norm in the matter of environment and to the increasing competition. This work has as objective to analyze as Reverse Logistics facilitates the adaptation to this norm and provides great benefits like the reduction of costs, new...

This paper builds a framework to quantify the financial stability implications of climate-related transition risk in Colombia. We explore risks imposed on the banking system based on scenarios of an increase in the domestic carbon tax by using bank- and firm-level data. Focusing on the...

We study two issues: (i) the relationship between interest rates on US and Colombian sovereign debt and (ii) the short-term response of the Colombian long-term bond yield and other asset prices to shocks to the US long-term Treasury rate. We use daily data between 2004 and 2013. Separating the...

In mid-2020, the Government of Colombia launched a labor reform consultation process (Misión de Empleo) in response to a deterioration in pre-Covid19 employment indicators and changing economic and labor market conditions. Based on a comprehensive review of Colombia's labor market performance...