For two decades, risk management has been gaining ground in banking, despite a series of corporate failures, large-scale losses, regional crises, and a worldwide financial crisis that have been cast as risk-management failures. Power (2004a) explained this with his model of the cyclical...

In this study, we examine transformations in the influence of risk managers in two large UK banks over a period of six years. Our analysis highlights that a process we term toolmaking, whereby experts create, articulate and shape tools that embody their expertise, is central to the way in which...

Enterprise risk management (ERM) has recently emerged as a widespread practice in financial institutions. It has been increasingly codified and encrypted into regulatory, corporate governance and organisational management blueprints. A burgeoning literature of regulatory and practitioner texts...