Why did some Soviet states devolve into violent secessionist rebellion while others broke apart without violence, in the early 1990s? Following the collapse of the USSR, fifteen countries peacefully gained de jure independence. Within ten of these countries ethnic minorities threatened further...

This paper examines the political economy of Estonian trade policy in the 1990s. Estonia is a unique case in the world economy, in that the country rapidly implemented unilateral free trade after regaining independence and sustained it right through the 1990s. We analyse the circumstances,...

Despite or because of the relatively brief concluding document of the Belgrade follow-up meeting mandated to examine the implementation of the Helsinki Final Act, it is worthwhile to review the proposals made in "Basket II" (economics) and relate them to the two other "Baskets" (security and...

This study constructs a large new dataset to investigate whether state policy led to ethnic Ukrainians experiencing higher mortality during the 1932-33 Soviet Great Famine. All else equal, famine (excess) mortality rates were positively associated with ethnic Ukrainian population share across...

This study constructs a large new dataset to investigate whether state policy led to ethnic Ukrainians experiencing higher mortality during the 1932–33 Soviet Great Famine. All else equal, famine (excess) mortality rates were positively associated with ethnic Ukrainian population share across...