This article studies female participation rates as entrepreneurs during the 1877- 1908 period using data from the Santiago business license registry, census data and the trademark registry. The evidence reveals that business women in Santiago increased from 3 to 14 percent of the female labor...

The first day of the Second International Symposium on New Problems of Advanced Societies held from May 3 to 7, 1976, in Hamburg, was devoted to "Basic Political and Social Problems of the 1980's". In the following article those problems are traced back to a number of fundamental failures. Their...