This paper addresses the question of how firms react to tax incentives in a formula apportionment (FA) tax regime. Under FA, profits of all consolidated entities of a business group are summed and then allocated according to a formula based on FA factors. We hypothesize that firms may change the...

Tax practitioners alongside taxpayers and tax authorities are the major actors in a tax compliance system. They assist the government to enforce tax law when it is unambiguous but exploit tax law to the detriment of compliance when the tax rules are ambiguous. Using a sample of 13 listed...