Traditionally, development meant the capacity of a national economy whose initial economic condition has been more or less static for a long time, to generate and sustain an annual increase in its Gross National Product (GNP) at rates perhaps 5% to 7% or more (Thirwall 1994; UNDP 2001).In most of...

The regulation of many activities depends on whether societies consider them morally controversial or “repugnant”. Not only have regulation and related ethical concerns changed over time, but there is also heterogeneity across countries at a given time. We provide evidence of this...

In the context of modern day, issues of social solidarity and wealth redistribution become matters of great concern to the world due to lack of moral conducts within human society in which lead to injustice to happen. Thus co-operation of individuals and their society towards achieving peace and...

Development has always been a fanciful word in the political lexicon of policy-makers and politicians at both local and international political affairs. Political leaders and policy-makers seek to authenticate their relevance in the public ambiance by making several speeches that are coded...

This entry focuses upon the current state of microlending activity, and particularly for-profit activity, with ethical analysis of such lending, particularly as it pertains to prospects for poverty alleviation and development for the global poor. Several specific events have lately altered the...

The regulation of many activities depends on whether societies consider them morally controversial or "repugnant". Not only have regulation and related ethical concerns changed over time, but there is also heterogeneity across countries at a given time. We provide evidence of this heterogeneity...

This article offers a framework for understanding the democratic peace phenomenon across three levels of analysis. Specifically, Kohlberg’s structural-development model of moral reasoning offers an understanding of how individuals (e.g., national leaders, public officials) may approach...

The welcome rise of replication tests in economics has not been accompanied by a single, clear definition of replication. A discrepant replication, in current usage of the term, can signal anything from an unremarkable disagreement over methods to scientific incompetence or misconduct. This...