north-western parts. In the advanced parts of India and China, grain wages were comparable to those in north-western Europe … 1500 and 1800 look similar to the stagnating southern, central, and eastern parts of Europe rather than the developing … silver wages of north-western Europe were not simply a monetary phenomenon, but reflected high productivity in the tradable …

Many low skilled jobs have been substituted away for machines in Europe, or eliminated, much more so than in the US …, while technological progress at the "top", i.e. at the high-tech sector, is faster in the US than in Europe. This paper … suggests that the main difference between Europe and the US in this respect is their different labor market policies. European …

Many low skilled jobs have been substituted away for machines in Europe, or eliminated, much more so than in the US …, while technological progress at the "top," i.e., at the high-tech sector, is faster in the US than in Europe. This paper … suggests that the main difference between Europe and the US in this respect is their different labor market policies. European …