Nach sechs Reformjahren unter Gorbatschow wurde nicht nur von der politischen Führung anerkannt, sondern auch von den Durchschnittsbürgern verstanden, daß die früher gehaßte kapitalistische Wirtschaft viel effektiver als das sozialistische Plansystem funktioniert. In diesen Jahren wurde...

Seventy years after the Bolshevik Revolution the Soviet Union is to embark on a new economic path which, according to Mikhail Gorbachev, will again call for revolutionary measures. What form will these measures take? What obstacles stand in the way of the planned reforms? What are their chances...

The main focus of this paper is on the process and progress of economic reform in Russia. But I start with four historical questions that bear on the current situation. How advanced was Russia in 1913? What relevance, if any, does the New Economic Policy of the 19205, or NEP, have for the...

The dramatic transition from Communism to market economies across Asia and Europe started in the Chinese countryside in the 1970s. Since then more than a billion of people, many of them very poor, have been affected by radical reforms in agriculture. However, there are enormous differences in...

The dramatic transition from Communism to market economies across Asia and Europe started in the Chinese countryside in the 1970s. Since then more than a billion of people, many of them very poor, have been affected by radical reforms in agriculture. However, there are enormous differences in...