[...]The final force of change is the continual evolution of thedelivery channels through which financial services are offered.This has occurred in many ways and in several stages. First, theuse of postal services substituted for physical market presence;this was followed by increased use of...

A paper presented at the June 2000 conference quot;Specialization, Diversification, and the Structure of the Financial System: The Impact of Technological Change and Regulatory Reform,quot; sponsored by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York

This paper surveys the theory of banking regulation from the general perspective of regulatory theory. Starting by considering the different justifications of financial intermediation, we proceed to identify the market failures that make banking regulation necessary. We then turn to examine how...

This paper analyzes current practices at U.S. banks for quantifying credit in retail portfolios and examines the challenges confronting banks and regulators in developing an internal ratings based (IRB) approach to setting capital requirements for retail exposures. The paper finds that...