This paper examines the effects of a unilateral reform of the redistribution policy in an economy open to international …-reforming trading partner, the unilateral redistribution policy reform resembles a unilateral increase in trade costs leading to a …

majority shares of the Petrol Ofisi (The PO) that has been the leading oil distribution company. The PO privatization project … privatization process, 7 % of the shares of the PO were publicly held in the Istanbul Stock Exchange (ISE). In the first step, a … privatization or a common merging transaction. …

The privatization of state-owned enterprises (SOE) in transition economies has often been found to improve employment … enhanced if privatization also promotes firms’ exports. A recent firm-level analysis of China reveals that privatization has …

Privatization has played an important role in national economic reform in Vietnam. However, unlike other transitional … countries in Central and Eastern Europe, Vietnam has chosen a partial and gradual privatization where the government still holds … significant ownership in most privatized firms. Whether partial privatization can enhance privatized firms’ performance or full …