Globalization has precipitated movement of output and employment between regions. We examine factors related to corporate financial distress across three continents. Using a multidimensional definition of financial distress we test three hypotheses to explain financial distress using historical...

For the most part, research purporting to address the issue of financial distress has actually studied samples of bankrupt companies. Financial distress and bankruptcy are different. In contrast, this paper starts with a sample of companies that are financially distressed but not yet bankrupt....

Globalization has precipitated movement of output and employment between regions. We examine factors related to corporate financial distress across three continents. Using a multidimensional definition of financial distress we test three hypotheses to explain financial distress using historical...

This paper considers whether real estate will ever again be a good place for the average American homeowner, investor, or speculator. Looking at the rate of change in real estate prices over the past few decades and the rate of inflation one sees a correspondence. The faster the rate of change...

The labor studies literature has for many years accepted the labor hording theory. That theory derives from Journal of Financial Transformation seminal work by Oi (1962), Miller (1971), and Fair (1985). These studies argue that as a result of the absolute cost of hiring and training certain...

When companies fail workers lose their jobs which raises the unemployment rate and some displaced workers with less financial wealth, larger financial obligations, and who are the sole bread winners in a family become likely candidates for a personal bankruptcy filing. The central role played by...

During the boom that preceded the economic collapse of 2007-2009, the expression “the world is awash in liquidity” was frequently heard when speakers described the state of the economy. The expression meant that money was freely available to almost any borrower. The list of suitable...

Since the April 2005 passage of the Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection Act (BAPCPA), companies have discovered that bankruptcy has become a quicksand of unexpected surprises that quickly forces companies into liquidation or forced asset sales under section 363 of the Bankruptcy...

Early warning models are among the most utilized developments in finance. A good early warning model can predict with a high degree of accuracy the likelihood that a healthy company will either go bankrupt or become financially distressed. B2B companies supply products are now global. This paper...

The first wave of highly leveraged transactions (HLTs) also known as leveraged buyouts (LBOs) began in the late 1980s. Fewer transactions occurred in the 1990's after a number of companies in the first wave failed when the economy slowed down. More recently, the driving force behind levered...