The paper constructs a competing risks duration model, explaining the probability of retirement due to old-age, ill health or long-term unemployment. It also attempts to measure the degree of substitution between the various retirement channels, among other things, by using data on pension...

Literature on early retirement has generally ignored firms' role in the labour market withdrawals. Yet, as it is shown in this paper, employee incentives alone cannot explain the increase in unemployment at the end of the career. Instead, we construct an implicit contracts model where we account...

The study analyses the effects of the pension system on the labour supply of the elderly in Finland. A significant change in the age structure of the population, combined with falling employment rates for the aged, can yield pressures on the financing of the mainly Pay-As-You-Go, Defined Benefit...

This PhD thesis is a collection of studies on retirement in Finland. The main purpose is to assess labour market transitions of the aged and focus on the e.ect of the economic incentives. All of the studies are empirical and use large micro panels. The first study describes the main features of...

The paper reviews large literature on retirement, keeping in mind the goal of finding a suitable model to the labour market of the older workers in Sweden. The review is divided into six sections. The first section explains the problems of defining retirement. The second section deals with a...

The paper reviews large literature on retirement, keeping in mind the goal of finding a suitable model to the labour market of the older workers in Sweden. The review is divided into six sections. The first section explains the problems of defining retirement. The second section deals with a...

Using a large panel of Finnish males, we study how the recession of the early 1990s hit different worker groups and affected inequality in the labour market. Despite large employment losses the cross-section dispersion of earnings is found be almost constant, while differences in layoff and...

In this study the economic implications of eastward enlargement are analyzed using a multi-regional, dynamic general equilibrium model. EU's eastern enlargement is, in one respect, conventional regional integration where new entrants joins a customs union. In the common trade policy an important...

We measure productivity changes of primary care in Finland between 1988 and 2003 as a ratio of key services produced and real operating costs. In the second stage we estimate a truncated regression model that quantifies the contribution of certain internal and exogenous factors to productivity....

This PhD thesis is a collection of studies on Finnish municipal expenditures, revenues and intergovernmental grants. The main purpose of the study was to analyse the municipal expenditure variation between the matching grants system and the formula based grants system. The aim was also to...