This PhD thesis is a collection of studies on retirement in Finland. The main purpose is to assess labour market transitions of the aged and focus on the e.ect of the economic incentives. All of the studies are empirical and use large micro panels. The first study describes the main features of...

The paper constructs a competing risks duration model, explaining the probability of retirement due to old-age, ill health or long-term unemployment. It also attempts to measure the degree of substitution between the various retirement channels, among other things, by using data on pension...

Literature on early retirement has generally ignored firms' role in the labour market withdrawals. Yet, as it is shown in this paper, employee incentives alone cannot explain the increase in unemployment at the end of the career. Instead, we construct an implicit contracts model where we account...

The study analyses the effects of the pension system on the labour supply of the elderly in Finland. A significant change in the age structure of the population, combined with falling employment rates for the aged, can yield pressures on the financing of the mainly Pay-As-You-Go, Defined Benefit...

The paper reviews large literature on retirement, keeping in mind the goal of finding a suitable model to the labour market of the older workers in Sweden. The review is divided into six sections. The first section explains the problems of defining retirement. The second section deals with a...

The paper reviews large literature on retirement, keeping in mind the goal of finding a suitable model to the labour market of the older workers in Sweden. The review is divided into six sections. The first section explains the problems of defining retirement. The second section deals with a...

This publication reports on the main findings of the entire TOLERATE project, which was an integrated natural science ? social science project for the assessment of climate changed induced changes of extreme weather events and their social-economic consequences at a regional level. It includes...

This report is the fifth in a series of reports produced by the Climate Bonus study. In this project is surveyed what are the possibilities and effectiveness of the combined use of (1) verified carbon footprints (possibly visualised through labels), (2) personalised monitoring and feedback...

Abstract: This paper discusses the fiscal policy reactions and economic policies of European countries and the United States during the Great Depression. Economic as well as economic history literature has tended to overlook the fiscal policy aspects of the Great Depression, in particular in...

We use lifetime job histories from the pension records to evaluate changes in job stability in Finland between 1963 and 2004. We specify a duration model and estimate the effects of elapsed duration, age, and calendar time on the hazard of job ending using individual-level panel data spanning...