Two labor supply issues that have received substantial attention are the responsiveness of labor supply to wage changes and the imposition of labor supply constraints. Adjusting hours worked on a second job may be the practical and perhaps only available response to either event yet, most labor...

Multiple job-holding is a significant characteristic of the labor market, with approximately 6 percent of all employed males reporting a second job in 1993 (Mishel and Bernstein, 1995, p. 226). Moonlighting reflects growing financial stress arising from declining earnings, as well as an...

This research explores the role of sunshine in birth outcomes production. Its most obvious role is through Vitamin D absorption, which could explain racial disparities because skin pigmentation inhibits this process. However, the effects of sunshine are complex and closely connected to...

This research investigates the evolution of state income tax preferences for the elderly over the last 25 years. Documenting how various types of income tax preferences have changed reveals that state tax policies are not simply mimicking federal tax law. It also shows a divergence in how the...

This research investigates the effect of sun exposure on fertility, with a special focus on how its effects and consequences for birth outcomes may differ by race. Sun exposure is a key mechanism for obtaining Vitamin D, but this process is inhibited by skin pigmentation. Vitamin D has been...

It is widely believed that expanding prenatal care should improve infant health; yet research typically finds weak effects of prenatal care on infant health. We argue that there are two kinds of pregnancies, 'complicated' and 'normal' ones, and that combining these pregnancies, as past research...

This research presents a theoretical model that not only allows labor supply to be affected by government spending and taxes, but also permits workers to be aware of the relationship between the two. If individuals value government spending and "know where their taxes are going," wage taxes no...

This article conducts two investigations — searching historical documents and testing the conclusions drawn with an econometric model of policy adoption — into why federal and state governments began offering senior income tax breaks. Such tax breaks began by accident but their existence...

The elderly’s unique economic situation makes some government expenditure and taxation policies more attractive than others and also makes them potentially quite mobile. This research investigates whether elderly migration is affected by state fiscal policies, paying close attention to how the...

Researchers and practitioners hypothesize that the elderly may move to avoid paying “death” (estate, inheritance and gift, or EIG) taxes. Past research on elderly migration, however, has been based on cross–sectional data. Cross–sectional analyses may be misleading as many states that...