We show that a common regulatory mandate in electricity markets that use location-based pricing that requires all customers to purchase their wholesale electricity at the same quantity-weighted average of the locational prices can increase the performance of imperfectly competitive wholesale...

We investigate which of the two main centers of gold trading — the London spot market and the New York futures market — plays a more important role in setting the price of gold. Using intraday data during a 17-year period we find that although both markets contribute to price discovery, the...

Our study seeks to provide a better understanding of price formation process and determining factors of price volatility in agricultural commodity markets. We focus on corn and soybean futures traded in CBOT (Chicago Board of Trade). We innovatively construct two sets of variables to represent...

This paper considers the growth of dark pools: trading venues for equities without pre-trade transparency. It first documents the emergence and expansion of dark pools in European equity markets in the context of regulatory changes and increased high-frequency trading (HFT). It finds that the...

We assess the consequences for market quality and welfare of different entry regimes and exchange pricing policies in a context of limited market participation. To this end we integrate a two-period market microstructure model with an exchange competition model with entry in which exchanges...

This paper considers the growth of dark pools: trading venues for equities without pre-trade transparency. It first documents the emergence and expansion of dark pools in European equity markets in the context of regulatory changes and increased high-frequency trading (HFT). It finds that the...

This paper examines unique data on dark pool activity for a large cross-section of US stocks in 2009. Dark pool activity is concentrated in liquid stocks. Nasdaq (AMEX) stocks have significantly higher (lower) dark pool activity than NYSE stocks controlling for liquidity. For a given stock, dark...

In this article, we consider a regulated market and explore the default events. By using a so-called reflected Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process with two-sided barriers to formulate the price dynamics, we derive the expression on the conditional default probability. In the cases of single observation...

We examine changes in systemic liquidity risk brought about by the trade-through prohibition and the fragmentation of order flow caused by Reg NMS. A dynamic factor model allows us to decompose liquidity co-variances into “exchange-specific” and “market-wide” components. We document a...

We investigate the role of a class of alternative market structures known as electronic crossing networks or "dark pools''. Relative to traditional "lit'' markets, dark pools offer investors the trade-off of reduced transaction costs in exchange for greater uncertainty of trade. Our paper...