The technology readiness level (TRL) scale was introduced by NASA in the 1970s as a tool for assessing the maturity of technologies during complex system development. TRL data have been used to make multi-million dollar technology management decisions in programs such as NASA's Mars Curiosity...

Recent advances in engineering collaboration tools and internet technology have enabled the distribution of product development tasks to offshore sites and global outsourcing partners while still maintaining a tightly connected process. Most firms in complex engineering industries are indeed...

To create new products, firms employ a product development process (PDP) to generate new product concepts, to translate the best of these concepts into quality products, and to manage the risks inherent in bringing such new products to the market. A well-designed PDP is necessary to reduce...

Recent advances in engineering collaboration tools and internet technology have enabled the distribution of product development tasks to offshore sites and global outsourcing partners while still maintaining a tightly connected process. Most firms in complex engineering industries are indeed...

Title from cover. "August 2000." At head of each leaf: DRAFT - 8/28/00.

Cover title. "An earlier form of this paper was presented at the 1995 ASME Conference on Design Theory and Methodology."

"February 1995 [i.e. 1993]. -- Revised May 1995." "Forthcoming, IEEE transactions on engineering management." Title of original version: Evaluating communications in product development organizations, by Mark D. Morelli and Steven D. Eppinger.

Includes bibliographical references (p. 25-26).