This study analyzes the geographic spread of commercial Internet Service Providers (ISPs), the leading suppliers of Internet access. The geographic spread of ISPs is a key consideration in U.S. policy for universal access. We examine the Fall of 1998, a time of minimal government subsidy, when...

This research examines the location choice of private schools entering the California schooling market in 1979-80. We find that entrants are more likely to locate in public school districts with lower levels of per-pupil expenditure and higher fractions of public school students who reside in...

[...]What might account for this link between parentalincome and children’s income? Many economists believethat this relationship is due in large part to differentialhuman-capital investment between high-income andlow-income families. High-income parents can invest inmore (and better)...

The school finance landscape has changed dramatically in the past thirty years. Most states have undertaken major changes to their school finance programs, motivated principally by the notion that the unequal school resources associated with unequal incomes and community sorting lead to unequal...

During and even after the Great Recession, numerous popular press stories commented on the apparent growth of non-tax revenues in the face of school district budget deficits. But Downes and Killeen (2014) show that nationally the growth of non-traditional revenues has been far less than these...

This paper was presented at the conference "Unequal incomes, unequal outcomes? Economic inequality and measures of well-being" as part of session 3, "Education and crime in urban neighborhoods." The conference was held at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York on May 7, 1999. The authors examine...

This paper focuses on three sets of changes to the school finance landscape, and attempts to summarize the evidence on the effects of these changes on education quality and, ultimately, on the extent of inequality in American society.

Provides an overview of the institutional structure of educational finance in California. Analyzes the long range impact of the California reforms on school financing and student performance.