In this paper, we compare two different representations of Framework Programs as affiliation network: 'One-mode networks' and 'Two-mode networks'. The aim of this article is to show that the choice of the representation has an impact on the analysis of the networks and on the results of the...

This article builds upon empirical results concerning localised knowledge spillovers to highlight some policy implications within European regions. The analysis emphasises the role of regional innovation policies in supporting the institutions that generate knowledge and learning. However, the...

Many economists have long held that market failures create a gap between social and private returns to Research and Development (R&D), thereby limiting private incentives to invest in R&D. However, this common belief that firms significantly underinvest in R&D is increasingly being challenged,...

Large firms dominate R&D investment in most countries and receive the majority of public R&D funding. Due to methodological difficulties, however, evaluation of the effect of government-sponsored R&D programmes mainly focuses on small- and medium-sized enterprises. The scarcity of large firms...

Many economists have long held that market failures create a gap between social and private returns to Research and Development (R&D), thereby limiting private incentives to invest in R&D. However, this common belief that firms significantly underinvest in R&D is increasingly being challenged,...

Starting from the dynamic externalities debate presented by Glaeser and al. in 1992, many recent econometric studies attempt to assess the impact of specialization and of the sector-based diversity of agglomerations on local growth dynamics. Contrary to theoretical approaches however, these...

At the present time, the study of the mechanisms of knowledge transmission becomes increasingly significant to reveal the operating modes of the scientific production and, in particular, to reveal the possible existence of geographical limit to the diffusion of knowledge externalities. This...

Leading on from the measurement of the geographical dimension of knowledge externalities at aggregated spatial levels, the works carried out in the economic geography of innovation have gradually turned towards the analysis of the mechanisms underlying the spatial diffusion of knowledge...