This paper analyses the sources of persistence in conducting R&D activities by SMEs. The data used is a panel of Spanish manufacturing firms drawn from the Survey of Business Strategies (ESEE), for the period 1990-2011. We estimate discrete time proportional hazard models accounting for firm...

Self-selection and learning-by-exporting are the main explanations for the higher productivity of exporting firms. But, whereas evidence on self-selection is largely undisputed, results on learning-by-exporting are mixed and far from conclusive. However, recent research (De Loecker, 2010) has...

The aim of this paper is analysing the role of internal and external financial constraints in the firms’ joint decision to export and invest in R&D. Our empirical strategy consists of estimating a bivariate probit that explicitly acknowledges that a firm R&D and export decisions are...