Long run excess fishing capacity affects both the profitability and biological status of a fishery. In order for policy makers to determine optimal resource allocation to a fishery and to establish whether a fishery is over-capitalised, it is important to identify both the level and the source...

Substandard and falsified medicines kill patients, yet progress on the twin challenges of safeguarding the quality of genuine medicine and criminalising falsified ones has been held back by controversy over intellectual property rights and confusion over terms. Amir Attaran and colleagues...

The world iron ore and steel trade is undergoing significant restructuring, with rapidly developing economies in regions such as China, India, and South Korea emerging as key centers of growth in the sector. Alternatively, the industrialized economies of the European Union, Japan, and North...

In this paper, the adoption of electric arc furnace steelmaking technology is examined within a growth model of technological diffusion. The results indicate that the trend rate of adoption of electric are furnace technology is well represented by the S-shaped growth curve. Further results...

The Australian Northern Prawn Fishery (NPF) is one of the few that has adopted a dynamic version of a ‘maximum economic yield’ (MEY) target, and, on this basis, the fishery is undergoing a process of substantial stock rebuilding. This study details the bioeconomic model used to provide...

Environmental policy is evolving rapidly in the international arena with an increasing number of multilateral environmental agreements being negotiated in a range of forums. The issue of risk management has figured prominently in these processes, with the OECD risk reduction strategy for lead...

Assessments of the economic, environmental and social consequences of mining have usually produced an estimate of the commercial benefits that mining in the area would generate, with environmental costs being examined in physical terms only. A theoretical framework for calculating the threshold...