development of LAO societies toward forms of organization that enable more economic output, reduced violence, stable political ….The control of violence is central to the logic of all LAOs and is therefore at the heart of the problem of development. Because … the traditional economic framework fails to understand that LAO's are organized to prevent violence, its policy …

Do global norms change? This paper argues that the global norms on the elimination of violence against women first … agreed upon in connection with the adoption of the Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women in 1993 have … violence against women. In relation to three of these normative elements, significant change has taken place since 1993. This …

Worldwide, patterns of violence against women differ markedly from violence against men. For example, women are more … likely than men to be sexually assaulted or killed by someone they know. The United Nations has defined violence against … women as "gender-based" violence, to acknowledge that such violence is rooted in gender inequality and is often tolerated …

Background: Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) has been reported to be a determinant of women's risk for HIV. We examined …