Should the state treat men and women in identical ways, or should it legislate and enforce policies that are aware of gender differences? In other words, should the state be gender-blind or gender-sensitive? Gender, ethnic, religious, sexual orientation, ideological, economic, political, and...

We experimentally study the influence of local information conditions on elite capture and social exclusion in community-based development schemes with heterogeneous groups. Not only information on the distribution of aid resources through community-based schemes, but also information on who...

How should relative poverty be defined and measured in a European Union where there are substantial variations in income between countries, as well as within countries? This paper uses objective and subjective deprivation indicators to assess the appropriate balance between national and...

In light of the emphasis on “inclusion” in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), this paper contends that social exclusion and inclusion are context-dependent concepts in at least three senses. First, the ideal of an inclusive society varies by country and by region. Second, different...

Questions surrounding the fight against poverty and social exclusion have become a global priority. Poverty and its causes are perceived as differences in the economic and social development of each individual continent and country. Social risk management was developed by the World Bank as a...

One of the targets of Europe's growth strategy (Europe 2020) is "reduction of poverty by aiming to lift at least 20 million people out of the risk of poverty or social exclusion". Since poverty is a multidimensional concept, EUROSTAT proposes three indicators to calculate it: people at...

The concept of poverty is discussed using qualitative and quantitative measures as an indicator for social deprivation. Poverty can be absolute, relative, income-based, consumption-based, or entitlement-based. The variation in the concept of poverty reveals its dimensionality. However, when...

Economic exclusion can be defined as the arbitrary restriction on certain groups of the society to use the resources of the community which are necessary for the economic development of the group. When such exclusion takes place on the basis of caste it amounts to caste based economic exclusion...