We examine the effects of incorporating a potential tax on carbon emissions into a value investment strategy. We show that in a portfolio optimization problem, a carbon tax at the stock level is mathematically equivalent to a carbon constraint at the portfolio level. Using this insight we derive...

Analysis of the strength of value drivers is crucial to understand their influence in the process of free cash flow generation. The paper addresses the issue of value driver measurement and ranking. The research reveals that, value drivers have similar pattern across industries. Furthermore, it...

In both finance and accounting, the Return On Equity (ROE) is considered a biased indicator of economic profitability. Opposing this view, this paper shows that an appropriate mean of ROEs signals shareholder value creation. This implies that the notion of Market Value Added may be replaced by...

Through the Economic-Value-Added (EVA) valuation model, the expected market value of equity can be determined by adding the book value of equity with the present value of expected EVAs under the assumption of constant required return and constant return on equity. The equation of EVA valuation...

Do corporate values affect financial performance? The observed corporate values of the Fortune Global 500 companies were inductively clustered under key attributes, and then, the attributes were grouped under value orientations. The variables used to measure financial performance were given by...