Antitrust authorities consider commodity bundling as an extension of monopoly power to other markets which harms consumers. This paper analyzes quality competition and its effect on consumer surplus for the case of commodity bundling by a multi-product firm in a vertically differentiated...

The co-existence of external referencing pricing (ERP) and reimbursement policy is common in many countries. Thus, this research examines whether or not the imposition of ERP is socially desirable in the presence of reimbursement policy. For direct sales channel, we find that the home social...

This paper reexamines the welfare implications of three pricing regimes (mill, uniform and discriminatory) for a monopoly in a stochastic environment. It con-siders a risk-averse monopolist faces two markets with stochastic and linear demands. The monopolist is assumed to commit to an...

The co-existence of external referencing pricing (ERP) and reimbursement policy is common in many countries. Thus, this research examines whether or not the imposition of ERP is socially desirable in the presence of reimbursement policy. For direct sales channel, we find that the home social...

This paper measures the metafrontier total-factor energy efficiency (TFEE) of 47 regions in Japan for the period 1996-2008, using the stochastic frontier analysis (SFA). The two-step output-oriented SFA approach by Huang et al. (J Prod Anal 42:241-254, 2014) is followed but converted into a...

In order to decrease the detrimental effects from global warming, the European Union (EU) has started to control CO2 emissions by allocating CO2 emission allowances to 25 member states. In this study we are interested about the effects of CO2 emission allowance on environmental efficiency,...

This paper applies a four-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach proposed by Fried et al. (1999) to measure the operational environment-adjusted efficiency of sixty mutual funds in Taiwan from 2006 to 2010. We adopt the approach for adjusting negative output as suggested by Lovell and...

This paper measures the metafrontier total-factor energy efficiency (TFEE) of 47 regions in Japan for the period 1996–2008, using the stochastic frontier analysis (SFA). The two-step output-oriented SFA approach by Huang et al. (J Prod Anal 42:241–254, 2014) is followed but converted into a...