The Cobden-Chevalier treaty of 1860 eliminated many French import prohibitions and lowered tariffs between France and Britain. Policy change was largely unexpected and unusually free from direct lobbying. A series of commercial treaties with other nations followed because of the use of the...

A large literature has documented an association between economic growth and export diversification. We study this question in France between 1836 and 1938. The period witnessed the onset of modern economic growth and sharp changes in the level of international competition. We use a new long...

The French stock market crisis of 1961-1967 was the biggest of the twentieth century after that of the 1930s. By using the new stock index (historical CAC 40), we have been able to get a fair idea of its amplitude and detail its chronology. We consider the possibility that the crisis of the...

The Cobden-Chevalier treaty of 1860 eliminated many French import prohibitions and lowered tariffs between France and Britain. Policy change was largely unexpected and unusually free from direct lobbying. A series of commercial treaties with other nations followed because of the use of the...

A large literature has documented an association between economic growth and export diversification. We study this question in France between 1836 and 1938. The period witnessed the onset of modern economic growth and sharp changes in the level of international competition. We use a new long...

For three years under Pompidou’s presidency, Chaban Delmas had to restart the process of modernising and industrialising French economy whilst altogether trying to put a ceiling to the inflationary trends spurred by the “May 68” events and the large easiness in wages increases and in...

The purpose of this paper is to reappraise Montesquieu’s thinkings in economy. To Joseph Schumpeter his economic is insignificant - without originality force, or scholarship. According to John-Maynard Keynes, Montesquieu was the real French equivalent of Adam Smith, the greatest of French...

This paper analyses trade policies in the European Union. The common commercial policy is based on equal principles, particularly for changes in tariff rates, the conclusion of tariff and trade agreements, equal measures of liberalization, export policy and measures to protect trade with those...