It is difficult to appreciate how much the politics and policies of the Eurozone have changed since 2008. This paper focuses on the effects of austerity politics and policy on the citizenship rights of Europeans: their political rights to choose and influence their rulers; their civil rights to...

This article argues that the Economic Adjustment Programmes (EAP) that came with loans to peripheral Eurozone members Greece, Ireland, and Portugal are very similar to the loans with conditionality, also known as Structural Adjustment Programs, that international financial institutions have used...

Martin Powell makes the point that the death of the National Health Service (NHS) is constantly asserted without criteria. This article suggests that the NHS is many things, which makes criteria unstable. The alignment of interests in the structure of the NHS enables both overheated rhetoric and...

Since devolution, the United Kingdom has evolved not only in terms of political representation but also in terms of the relationships between civil servants in each of its regions. In this paper, we present an analysis of the distinct professional and educational backgrounds of elite civil...

This paper examines the role of France on the European Union through a case study of "low politics", namely the development of European Union health care policy. Faced with a new policy field, one created by the European Court of Justice rather than member state volition, the member states all...

Social citizenship is about equality. The obvious problem for European social citizenship in a very diverse Union is that Member States will not be able or willing to bear the cost of establishing equal rights to health care and similar aspects of social citizenship. Health care is a...