Public expenditures have a crucial place within the Keynesian theory. How then not questioning J. Robinson about the consequences of arms race? Especially since the Cambridge economist has been fiercely opposed to "military Keynesianism". It is interesting to replace military expenditures in her...

This article focuses on the determinants of innovation in the defence procurement sector. Although contractual choices turn out as crucial to provide parties incentives to innovate, the complementary and strategic impact of industrial policy is emphasized in that perspective. JEL: H57, L14, L52,...

The end of the Cold War weakened the relationship created between science and defence after World War II. Credits for defence R&D have been regularly reduced through the 1990s. Indeed armed forces' requirements for innovation and technology have evolved compared to the second half of the 20th...

La commercialisation des plantes transgéniques suscite de vives polémiques sur les implications scientifiques et éthiques des manipulations du génome des plantes. Les questions scientifiques, environnementales et sanitaires masquent toutefois les enjeux économiques sous-jacents. En effet,...

Defense R&D is usually considered as an economic burden, implying an eviction effect on civilian R&D and perverting the national systems of innovation. If arms production benefits nowadays from advanced civilian R&D, the flow of technology was not always in the same direction–especially in the...

Technology has been playing a central role in defense spending or arms-producing countries since World War II. Although there has been no major threat or conflict since the 1990s, defense R&D absorbs a large share of military expenditures, as well as public R&D. This technology-centric paradigm...