Ιt is known that mere knowledge of the conditional distribution of two random variables is not sufficient to specify uniquely the marginal distributions. Some additional information is necessary. This is usually provided in some form of independence between functions of the two random variables...

This paper demonstrates how the observed correlation between probability of default and loss given default depends on the fact that defaults in which collateral provides 100% recovery are not observed. Creditors see only the defaults of mortgagors who suffer from a fall in collateral value to...

The stochastic frontier model was first proposed in the context of production function estimation to account for the effect of technical inefficiency. The inefficiency causes actual output to fall below the potential level (that is, the production frontier) and also raises production cost above...