The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed the existing shortfall in telecommunications infrastructure in Peru, particularly in terms of Internet connectivity in urban areas, let alone rural ones. However, this challenge has also led to a shift in the population’s perception regarding the relevance of...

The study of the time-of-day electricity demand motivates the introduction of a new class of nonparametric estimators: the constrained smoothing spline estimator. We compare the results obtained with this estimator against the classical Fourier and smoothing splines estimates.